Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Saúl Ponce was born on October 4, 1928, in Valle de Zaragoza, Chihuahua, México; he had four siblings, and his brother was also a bracero; from his hometown in Valle de Zaragoza, he was transported to Chihuahua,…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Sabas Luna was born in 1939, in Tlaltenango [de Sánchez Román], Zacatecas, México; his parents were campesinos whose main crop was corn, and he was the fourth of nine children; he was formally educated through…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Salvador Esparza was born on July 15, 1919, in Tepehuanes, Durango, México; he was the eldest of his nine siblings; when he was fourteen years old, he and his family moved to Durango, Durango; in 1945, he…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Samuel Chavira Medrano was born in September of 1925, in the municipality of General Frías, Chihuahua, México; his father was a farmer who taught him the agricultural trade; he and his family eventually moved to…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Sara Arrieta was born on May 25, 1943, in Lerdo, Durango, México; her father, Pedro Arrieta González, was a bracero; he was born in the same city, on June 27, 1902; Sara had sixteen brothers and sisters, but…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Sebastián Jaimes was born in 1914, in Coyota (later San José del Río), Michoacán, México; as a young boy, he worked in the fields with his family; two of his siblings died when he was a child; in 1952, he was…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Sebastián Martínez was born on November 16, 1938, in Saragosa, Texas; as a child he and his family moved to Pecos, Texas; during the fifties, when he was roughly fourteen or fifteen years old, he began working…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Sebastián Saucedo was born in Santa Bárbara, Chihuahua, México, on May 25, 1922; he is the third of six children; as a child, he helped his father work in the fields; consequently, he was never formally…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Servando Peñaloza was born in Guayameo, Guerrero, México; he worked in agriculture from the age of six; at the age of nineteen, he moved to Mexico City, México; he joined the bracero program in 1955 with his…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Socorro Flores Pando was born in Delicias, Chihuahua, México in 1942; while his father worked in the fields he helped as a water boy; in 1960, he learned of the bracero program and went to Chihuahua, Chihuahua…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Susan Gonzalez was born in Miami, Arizona; at age twelve she moved to Ripley, California to take care of her younger brother while her mother operated the restaurant she owned, “La Flor del Valle”; she worked as…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Thomas Turrey was born on July 25, 1924, in Los Angeles, California; he did his grade school in Merced, California; in 1958, he joined the Bracero Program, and worked as a supervisor for commissary services; his…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Tomás Zapata Castañeda was born in Ejido el Faro, Chihuahua, México in 1937; although he did help his father in the fields, he also went to school; in 1956, he was hired as a bracero at the age on nineteen; he…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Víctor Martínez was born on July 28, 1934, in Tlaquiltenango, Morelos, México; as a child, he worked with his family harvesting corn, peanuts, and rice; he stopped attending school at an early age due to the ill…
Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Vicente Ayala was born on July 19, 1922, in Tizapotla, Morelos, México; at a young age, he began to work in his family’s fields; he had no formal education; experienced as a field laborer, he performed work for…
