Saúl Ponce

Saúl Ponce

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Saúl Ponce was born on October 4, 1928, in Valle de Zaragoza, Chihuahua, México; he had four siblings, and his brother was also a bracero; from his hometown in Valle de Zaragoza, he was transported to Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México to be contracted as a bracero; he enlisted in the hopes of helping his family financially; as a bracero, he worked in Montana, picking beets and cotton, cleaning corn, and milking cows; he was ultimately able to legalize residency for himself, his wife, and his children.

Summary of Interview: Mr. Ponce very briefly discusses his family and childhood; as a young man, he decided to enlist in the bracero program in order to help his family financially; from his hometown in Valle de Zaragoza, Chihuahua, México, he was transported to Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México, where he obtained his first bracero contract; he was then transferred to Rio Vista, a processing center in Socorro, Texas, and then taken to his worksite by plane; as a bracero, he worked in Montana, picking beets and cotton, cleaning corn, and milking cows; he and his brother were fortunate enough to live and work together while in Montana; there was an incident in which his brother was harassed by people not associated with program, but there were no other apparent tensions; he goes on to describe his living and working conditions, provisions, and remittances; because he could not read or write very well, he paid people, with money or favors, to write letters to his wife; she made money at home in México as a seamstress; he was ultimately able to legalize residency for himself, his wife, and his children

Mena, Violeta

Ponce, Saúl

2005-11-12

Bracero

Cristóbal Borges

Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso

spa

Saúl Ponce

Mena, Violeta

Cristóbal A. Borges

Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso

Mini Disc

24:13

24 bit
96 k

Mena, Violeta

Ponce, Saúl

El Paso, Texas

[Mins 0:00-2:25; Introduction] Saúl Ponce was born in Valle Zaragoza, Chihuahua, México on October 4, 1928. His father worked in agriculture. Saúl is one of five children. He did not attend much school.

[Mins 2:26-4:14; Contracting and Processing] Saúl remembers that other men from Valle Zaragoza were contracted as Braceros as well. Saúl’s brother was a Bracero. Saúl was single at the time of contracting. He was transported from Valle Zaragoza to the contracting center in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. Afterwards, he was taken to the Río Vista Processing Center in El Paso, Texas. There, he presented documents, and he and the other Braceros were taken by plane to their worksites.

[Mins 4:15-7:48; Working and Living Conditions] Saúl worked with beets in Harding, Montana. He does not remember how much he was paid. Saúl and the other Braceros were taken to a “lone” house which was equipped with a stove and bathrooms. There were about ten Braceros per housing facility. Saúl remembers waking up at six in the morning and finishing work at about five in the evening. He would write letters to his parents saying that he was comfortable and working hard. His father would usually write him back. He would also regularly send money orders to his parents. Saúl states that the money orders were always reliable. Saúl does not remember any recreational activities.

[Mins 7:49-10:04; Marriage and Legalizing Residency] After Saúl married, he received another Bracero contract. He would regularly write to his wife who resided in Valle Zaragoza. Eventually, Saúl legalized his own, his wife’s, and his children’s residency. He does not remember the United States city that they moved to after legalizing their residency.

[Mins 10:05-13:21; Working Conditions Continued] Saúl does not remember how much he was paid. He remarks that during their free time he and the other Braceros would talk about work. He does not remember the names of the other cities in which he worked as a Bracero. Saúl worked with beets, picked cotton, and cleaned corn. He also milked the grower’s cows and in turn was given milk for free.

[Mins 13:22-15:21; Living Conditions Continued] Saúl remembers that the growers would take the Braceros to buy food. Each group of Braceros, consisting of five Braceros each, would buy enough food to feed all five members of the group. Saúl did not have to pay rent for his housing as a Bracero. He resided with nine other men from the Mexican state of Chihuahua, three or four of which were from Valle Zaragoza.

[Mins 15:22-16:57; Deciding to Become a Bracero] Saúl became a Bracero for the opportunity to earn more money. He remarks that his parents were poor and that it rained little in Valle Zaragoza. Saúl and his brother were contracted together and worked and lived in Harding together.

[Mins 16:58-21:23; Wife’s Living Conditions] Saúl missed his wife while he was working in the United States, but he expresses that she understood why he was working far away. Saúl would send his wife money orders every eight days to help with the finances, but his wife also ran an informal seamstress business in which she sewed clothes for the community. Saúl remembers asking other Braceros to write his letters because he himself did not know how to write very well. He would pay them in cash or through favors.

[Mins 21:24-22:33; Community Tensions] Saúl recalls an incident in which his brother was “taken” by men unassociated with the Bracero program. Saúl followed them with a knife to defend his brother. He remarks, however, that there were no tensions between other groups in the community and the Braceros, or among the Braceros themselves.

[Mins 22:34-End; Discontinuation of the Bracero Program] After Saúl’s last contract, he wanted to apply for another contract, but the Bracero Program had been discontinued.

Ponce_NMAH009