Browse Items (402 total)

Letter on behalf of Guadalupe Cano Quiroz to Mexican Consulate in Los Angeles signed August 4, 1961

This letter is from Federico Navarro to Mexican Consul in Los Angeles. In it, he solicits that the Consulate be aware that Mr. Baldomero Capiz is not a representative of the bracero community within California or the United States. He goes on to…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Liborio Santiago was born on June 23, 1924, in Etla, Oaxaca, México; he was the oldest of three brothers; at age of twelve, he became an orphan, and was adopted by an aunt; there, he was forced to work in the…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Herminio Estrada Tozcano was born on a ranch in Saloya, Jalisco, México; he was the second born, of his two sisters; his father died in the revolution when he was roughly three or four years old; he started…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Lily Gutierrez was born in El Paso, Texas, on October 5, 1935; her father was a professional butcher who owned several grocery stores, and her mother was a homemaker; she had four brothers and two sisters; after…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Mr. Ernesto Espino and Mrs. Linda Espino are a married couple; Ernesto’s father, José Ortiz Espino, was a bracero from 1944 to roughly 1954; as a bracero, José worked in Arizona, California, Colorado, and…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Lorenzo González was born in 1925, in the state of Jalisco, México; he grew up financially secure, and neither he nor his family were ever in need of anything; when he was young, he wanted something to do, so he…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Lorenzo Maynes was born on August 10, 1924, in Clint, Texas; he grew up on a ranch where his father was the foreman, and he consequently learned the agricultural trade from his father; eventually, he himself…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Lucas Benítez was born on October 18, 1918; his dad worked in the mines, and his mother often sold goods from a makeshift stand; he often helped his parents with their small family business; growing up, he and…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Mr. Luis Guzmán was born August 25, 1939, in Santa María del Oro, Durango, México; he and his nine siblings grew up on a ranch with their parents, and he helped his father work in the fields while going to…

Luz María Ayala was born in 1943, in [Michoacán] México; she had seventeen siblings, but nine of them passed away; her father was a bracero; he was never formally educated, and consequently, he did not know how to read or write; prior to enlisting in…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Manuel Enriquez Savignac was born in 1925, in the México, Distrito Federal; he maintains citizenship in both México and the United States; from 1951 to 1955, he provided catering services for the bracero program…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Manuel Gamez was born on September 15, 1932; he came from a large family and would often help his father work in the fields; in 1949, at the age of seventeen, he came to the United States illegally in order to…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Manuel Guzmán was born in Uriangato, Guanajuato, México; from an early age, he worked sowing corn, garbanzo beans, and wheat; as a teenager, he crossed into the United States to work as an undocumented worker;…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Manuel Leal Altamirano was born on March 9, 1922, in Aldama, Chihuahua, México; he has four sisters and five brothers; when he was seven years old, his mother died; as a child, he helped his father care for the…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Manuel Sandoval was born in Mexico City, México; he was the oldest of four brothers; at the age of ten, his father left the family; in his youth, he worked as a street vendor, a factory employee, and a mechanic;…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Manuel Vazquez was born in Santa Bárbara, Chihuahua, México, on October 23, 1928; when he was seven years old, he began helping his father work in the fields, and consequently he never received any formal…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: María Carmona was born on November 9, 1945, in Tepatitlán, Jalisco, México; she is the daughter of a bracero; at age fifteen, her family moved to the United States with her father, and they all worked on a farm;…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: María Julia García de Contreras was born in Cananea, Sonora, México, on March 29, 1931; she had two brothers and one sister; as a child, she moved to Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México, then to Douglas, Arizona,…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: María L. Menchaca was born on November 20, 1942, on a ranch named Corrales de Rábago, in the municipality of Pénjamo, Guanajuato, México; her mother’s name was Natalia Espinoza Herrera, and her father’s name was…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: María Serrano was born on January 4, 1930, in Tecolotlán, Jalisco, México; her husband was a bracero from 1944 to the end of the program; she moved to the United States in 1966 and worked picking cherries,…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Marcelino Burciaga was born on September 24, 1938, in Canatlan, Durango, México; his father was a carpenter and a shoemaker; he is the youngest of three brothers; from 1961 to 1962, he worked as a bracero in…

Margarita López was born April 15, 1934, in Calvillo, Aguascalientes, México; her parents were laborers, and she had six siblings; she was formally educated through the sixth grade; later, in 1950, she married Higinio López; she was fifteen years old…