Browse Items (156 total)

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Pedro Benítez was born in the state of Sinaloa in México; when he was about two years old, his mother died while giving birth to his younger sister; shortly thereafter, his grandmother began to take care of him…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Pedro Cantor was born on April 27, 1935, in Sacualco de las Torres, Jalisco, México; he is one of four brothers; at age fourteen, he began working in agriculture; he joined the bracero program in 1956, and…

Pedro de Alba González was born June 7, 1935, in Atotonilquillo, Jalisco, México, but he was raised in Acatlán de Juárez, Jalisco; his parents were campesinos, and he had two brothers and one half brother; Pedro was formally educated through the…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Pedro de Real Pérez was born on October 30, 1927, in Zacatecas, México, to a family of farmers; in 1952, he enlisted in the bracero program; as a bracero, he worked in California, Montana, and Texas; his primary…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Pedro Velázquez was born on May 4, 1939, on a small ranched named El Molino in San Diego de Alejandría, Jalisco, México; his parents worked in agriculture; he was never formally educated; consequently, he did…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Perfecta Rivas de Rodríguez was born in Valparaíso, Zacatecas, México, on December 11, 1947; her mother, Consuelo Garcia, was a housewife, and her father, Juan Rivas Bañuelo, made marble headstones for…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Plutarco Chávez Ruiz was born on a ranch in Manuel Doblado, Guanajuato, México, in 1933; he is the youngest of his seven siblings; his parents were agricultural workers; although he was never formally educated,…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Raúl Canela was born on June 19, 1940, in Emiliano Zapata, Michoacán, México; he received formal education and finished secondary schooling; at age fourteen, he began working in agriculture; at age twenty-two,…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Rafael Cortez was born in Techaluta [de Montenegro], Jalisco, México; some of his family members, including uncles and cousins, came to the United States under the bracero program; Rafael longed to come to the…

Nombre del entrevistado: Ramón Ávila Hernández
Fecha de la entrevista: 2 de junio de 2003
Nombre del entrevistador: Laureano Martínez


Esta es una entrevista con el señor Ramón Ávila Hernández, en la ciudad de Durango, Durango, el día 2 de…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Ramón Flores González was born in Juquillo, Jaliso México, on July 10, 1935; he grew up in an agricultural family with four brothers and two sisters; from age five he worked in agriculture; he joined the bracero…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Refugio López Saldaña Sandoval was born in Tlaltenango [de Sánchez Román], Zacatecas, México, on December 21, 1939; she was the fourth born of her three brothers and two sisters; her father was a metal worker,…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Roberto Almaraz Valdivia was born in Tabasco, Zacatecas, México, but raised in Villanueva, Zacatecas; his parents worked in agriculture, and he had four sisters and three brothers; he was formally schooled…

Roberto García Estrada was born in Tepetzingo, [Morelos] México; his father passed away when he was very young; eventually, he had to stop going to school, because the family did not have the money; instead, he began working to help support the…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Roberto García Sánchez was born on May 13, 1933, in El Bueyero, Mexticacán, Jalisco, México; his mother’s name was Dominga Sánchez, and his father’s name was Cruz García; Robert had eight siblings, but two of…

Roberto Silva Marín was born June 6, 1938, in Calvillo, Aguascalientes, México; he had six sisters and five brothers; his father was a campesino; the family moved to Jalpa, Zacatecas, México when he was eight years old; as a young boy, he helped his…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Rodolfo Cruz was born near Mexico City, México; he was the oldest of six siblings; at an early age, he worked in agriculture; at the age of sixteen, he moved to Miacatlán, Morelos, México; he joined the bracero…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Rodolfo López was born on November 17, 1937, in Angamacutiro, Michoacán, México; he began working in agriculture at an early age; after his military service, he joined the bracero program in 1957; he worked in…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Sabas Luna was born in 1939, in Tlaltenango [de Sánchez Román], Zacatecas, México; his parents were campesinos whose main crop was corn, and he was the fourth of nine children; he was formally educated through…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Salvador Torres Beltrán was born on November 30, 1930, in Cosalá, Sinaloa, México; he was the second of five brothers, and had three sisters; his parents worked in agriculture, and he began helping his father at…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Saturnino González was born on November 25, 1943, in Tequisquiapan, Querétaro, México; he was raised with his eleven siblings; his father was an artisan, and although he learned the trade, he did not like it; he…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Sebastián Jaimes was born in 1914, in Coyota (later San José del Río), Michoacán, México; as a young boy, he worked in the fields with his family; two of his siblings died when he was a child; in 1952, he was…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Servando Peñaloza was born in Guayameo, Guerrero, México; he worked in agriculture from the age of six; at the age of nineteen, he moved to Mexico City, México; he joined the bracero program in 1955 with his…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Simón Acosta was born on Zicorato, Sinaloa, México, in March 5, 1938; he was the oldest of 13 siblings; his parents worked in agriculture; he became a bracero in 1959 and worked in California; he picked beets,…