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02. Pictured: Eusevia Martinez (Garcia) and Christina Martinez (Gonzalez) picking figs in Planada, California, circa 1947. Married names are shown in parenthesis.

The Martinez family lived in Claremont, California. During the…

03. Pictured: Rosa Castruita (Martinez) picking figs in Planada, California, circa 1947. Married names are shown in parenthesis.

The Castruita and Martinez families of Baldwin Park, and Claremont, California picked fruit alongside Braceros both…

02. Pictured: Eusevia Martinez (Garcia) and Christina Martinez (Gonzalez) picking figs in Planada, California, circa 1947.
Married names are shown in parenthesis.

The Martinez family lived in Claremont, California. During the 1940s, the…

01. Pictured: Eusevia Martinez (age 16), Daniel Fernandez Martinez (age 45) and Daniel Martinez *(age 12), circa 1941, Planada, California.

The Martinez family lived in Claremont, California. During the 1940s, the children, who were U.S. citizens,…

1 of 6 photos. Pictured: Eusevia Martinez (age 16), Daniel Fernandez Martinez (age 45) and Daniel Martinez *(age 12), circa 1941, Planada, California.

The Martinez family lived in Claremont, California. During the 1940s, the children, who were…

This pdf file is the thesis by Daniel Martinez published in 1958 at Claremont Graduate School. The author attended the September 30, 2009 program at the National Museum of American History, participated in the discussion, and was asked to submit…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Carlos Corella was born on October 2, 1933, in Clint, Texas, where he grew up; he graduated from high school and was drafted into the Army; he served from 1953 to 1955; after being discharged, he went to work…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Josefina Fajardo was born on October 3, 1936, in Juchipila, Zacatecas, México; she has an older brother and a younger sister; her father was never very involved in her life, and she was consequently raised by…

Alejo López Silva was born July 17, 1933, on a ranch in Calvillo, Aguascalientes, México; he was the fourth born of his ten siblings; his formal education extended through the third grade; as a young boy, he worked in the fields; when he was thirteen…

José Álvarez Munguía was born December 5, 1946, in Jamay, Jalisco, México; he had seven siblings; his father was a bracero, and he completed roughly five contracts; José was formally educated through the fourth grade; he also worked in the fields;…

Juan Guerrero Nava was born on an hacienda in the municipality of Tocumbo, Michoacán, México; he had three sisters and three brothers; he was never formally educated; during the late 1950s, he enlisted in the bracero program; as a bracero, he labored…

Roberto García Estrada was born in Tepetzingo, [Morelos] México; his father passed away when he was very young; eventually, he had to stop going to school, because the family did not have the money; instead, he began working to help support the…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Guillermo Cervantes Manzo was born in Villamar, Michoacán, México, on February 22, 1939; he was the eldest of his nine siblings; as a boy he often helped his father work the land, which left him little time for…

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Leonardo Chavira Carrillo was born in Zacoalco de Torres, Jalisco, México, on December 19, 1929; his dad worked in the fields and as a mason; he had three brothers and two sisters; when he was about thirteen…

Eulalio Verazas Mondragón was born February 13, 1921, in Cutzamala de Pinzón, Guerrero, México; his parents worked in agriculture, and he had nine siblings; he was never formally educated; by the time he married during the early 1940s, he had already…

Salvador Velasco Patiño was born November 8, 1919, in Atengo, Jalisco, México; in 1935, his family moved to Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico due to financial difficulties with the family business; he initially came to the United States, in 1947, without…