Browse All (3164 items total)

Description:

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Bárbaro Chacón Delgado was born in San José de Carreras, Chihuahua, México, in 1923; his father was a farmer; in 1946, he became a bracero; he was hired by a food processing company in Michigan; in 1947, he was married during one of his visits to his family in Chihuahua; he went on to work across the United States, however, he worked primarily in beet fields; he eventually became a supervisor in one of those fields; he worked as a bracero for a total of fifteen years.



Summary of Interview: By the time Mr. Chacón became a bracero in 1946, thousands of people from the south of México had arrived in Chihuahua, Chihuahua, to begin the hiring process; from Chihuahua, people were sent to Fort Bliss in El Paso, Texas; the ranchers came to Fort Bliss to take as many braceros as they needed for work; he recalls that as a direct consequence of World War II, people in the United States suffered from food shortages and other such difficulties; he also remembers that although he never personally suffered from racist aggressions or discrimination, groups like the Ku Klux Klan killed many braceros.

Description:

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Aurelio Delgado Moreno was born in Las Nieves, Durango, México, in 1924; he helped his father work in the fields; he later helped work on the Pan-American Highway; in 1953, while he was working in Camargo, Chihuahua, he heard of the Bracero Program; he worked as a bracero for only three months; after that, he never returned to the United States.


Summary of Interview: In 1954, when Mr. Delgado became a bracero, he was married and had two children; he recalls that the officials from the United States chose braceros based on the way they walked and the condition of their hands; his first work contract took him to Pecos, Texas; the living conditions there were problematic because there were up to forty braceros per barracks; many of them stayed up late playing cards or talking; he remembers that there was one bracero that was particularly good at playing cards; as a result, this bracero and a rancher went from town to town playing cards, and consequently won a lot of money; Mr. Delgado tried sending money to his family, but they never received any of it.

Description:

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Andrés Héctor Quezada Lara was born in Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México, in 1925; because of his outstanding scholastic abilities, he received a scholarship for secundaria, which is equivalent to middle school in the United States, in Durango; in 1945, he learned of the bracero program; it was then that he decided to quit school and go to the United States to work; he worked in South Dakota, Illinois, Montana, Missouri, Minnesota, and Kansas.


Summary of Interview: Mr. Quezada quit school in order to go to the United States and work as a bracero; he was hired in Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México, but was sent to Querétaro, Querétaro to sign the job contract; his first contract took him to work in the Chicago Milwaukee Pacific Union railroads; after working there, he was sent to Kansas to work in the fields; while there, he organized a meeting to ask for better salary for the braceros; their pay was increased from 50¢ to 90¢ per hour; he was then sent to work in Missouri, where he had an accident while working in the cornfields; after the accident, he was moved to the food processing factory; he recalls that while in Montana, it snowed for eight days, and they did not get paid during that time.

Description:

Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Jesús Aranda Morales was born in Gran Morelos, Chihuahua, México, in 1936; he started working when he was only nine years old; years later, in 1957, at the age of twenty, he came to the United States; he worked in the cotton and cucumber fields of Texas and New Mexico and the beet fields of Nebraska and Montana.



Summary of Interview: Mr. Morales traveled to Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México, in order to begin the hiring process for the bracero program; the only requirement was a Mexican Military ID card; he waited at El Trocadero, a processing center there in Chihuahua, for eight days to be hired; from there he was taken to Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, where he had to pay $1.00 in order to get a place where he could spend the night; he was then sent to Rio Vista, a processing center in Socorro, Texas; he was then finally taken to Dell City, Texas, where there was a kind of Bracero Association; the ranchers would meet there to hire the braceros; he recalls that he and other braceros would use sign language to communicate with the ranchers; during their free time, they would pay 50¢ to see a movie.