2 25 512 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. MY PAPA CAME TO THE US AS A BRACERO IN THE EARLY 1940'S FROM A SMALL VILLAGE IN MICHOCHAN, MEXICO...HE WAS AN ORPHAN AND BEGAN WORKING AS A YOUNG BOY IN MEXICO...HIS AUNT RAISED HIM...HE ONLY HAD A 3RD GRADE EDUCATION...BUT HE COULD READ AND WRITE...WHEN HE WAS A YOUNG MAN...THE VILLAGE HAD BEEN BULLETED WITH FLIERS ABOUT WORK IN THE US...HE TOLD HIS AUNT HE WAS GOING TO FIND OUT IT...HE NEVER RETURNED HOME. THEY SAW A STRONG YOUNG MAN AND BOARDED HIM ON THE TRAIN WITH OTHERS AND HE BEGAN WORKING IN THE FIELDS OF SO. MONTEREY COUNTY. HE TOILED IN THE FIELDS WITH NO WATER, LITTLE FOOD AND OFTEN FILLED WITH MAGGETS...HE TOLD THE WORKERS NOT TO EAT THE FOOD...HE BECAME AN ADVOCATE FOR DECENT HUMAN CONDITIONS FOR THE BRACEROS...WHAT LITTLE MONEY HE MADE SENT IT BACK TO MEXICO. IN THE LATE 1940'S HE SETTLED IN SAN JUAN BAUTISTA, CA...HE WORKED AS COOK IN BOARDING HOUSE FOR BRACEROS BY NOW AND MET HIS WIFE, CARMEN MURO...THEY WOULD HAVE 8 CHILDREN...MANY OF HAVE RECEIVED A COLLEGE DEGREE, ONE A MASTER'S DEGREE...AND IN 2008 HE PASSED AWAY AT THE AGE OF 95...STILL ABLE TO TELL HIS STORIES OF HIS JOURNEY INTO THE US. AT THE AGE OF OF 82 YEARS OLD HE BECAME A US CITIZEN...REALIZING HE NEVER GOING TO RETURN HOME TO MEXICO. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CRISPIN G. ESPINOSA...LA ENTRADA A USA DE BRACERO Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource CONSUELO ESPINOSA Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource CONSUELO ESPINOSA Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) No Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. well, it was a long long time ago. So long i barely remember all the detail. ALL i remember is the pain and hardship that was caused to me and my brothers. It was not a time i wish to recount in any detail as it brings tears to my eyes and trembles that make my very soul shimmer. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource me myself and i Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource al morgan Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource al morgan Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) No Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. RE: the Bracero History Archive: I am Refugio I. Rochin, Professor Emeritus of UC Davis and Santa Cruz and native of San Diego County. I was born in May 1941 and worked with my father who was under contract to provide Bracero Labor camps with food and related provisions from 1941 through 1964, the year the program ended. I believe that little has been written about the relationships developed between Bracero hosting corporations and U.S. service providers, especially Hispanics (Mexican-Americans) in business. I am writing to make sure that the Bracero story is told in terms of its spin-offs, corporate ties and the impact of Bracero contracts in San Diego county. For example, Sunkist and avocado growers (also called associations) developed camps and facilities for Bracero workers in San Diego county to live in during the time they harvested and processed vegetables, avocados, oranges and lemons. The camps they developed would hold (by my recollection) 25 to 300 workers each. Relatively large camps were located in Fallbrook, Vista and Escondido California. Each camp was built of wood and appeared to be modeled like US military barracks. The workers (all men) slept in bunk-beds, closely lined with boxes for each for personal items. Workers used open showers and did their laundry - much like soldiers of their day. Workers ate together in "mess-halls." They used metal trays for food and regular glasses for drinks. The quality of food varied by camp, cooks and staples provided by the companies. Camps that specialized in "Mexican food" kept their workers content. Camps that did not serve Mexican food experienced some protests and worker flight. I know this from personal experience. My father was one of the first contractors in San Diego county who worked successfully for Sunkist growers, serving Mexican food with fresh tortillas, lots of beans and rice and meat. The camps served by my father often had workers from other camps seeking "sanctuary" at the Sunkist camps. My father developed a wholesale business called C&R Provisions in Oceanside. He learned from personal experience as an immigrant farmworker (beginning at 15 years of age) the importance of home cooking and service. The 'C' in C&R stood for Castorena (Manuel) and the 'R' for Rochin (Refugio). Manuel Castorena (Spanish origin) was my fathers friend and our neighbor. He became the first mayor of Carlsbad California - also the founder of Carlsbad's acclaimed school for gems. Refugio Rochin (my father - born in Sinaloa Mexico in 1908) was a wholesaler of Mexican produce and owner of Mexican grocery stores and restaurants. Through the restaurants he befriended (mostly through the Rotary Club) some of Sunkist's executives. One, in particular, Roy Workman, who was married to a Mexican, was responsible for contract workers. Roy liked my dad and handled my dad's special contracts with Sunkist. Together, C&R and Sunkist developed contracts to feed workers at Sunkist labor camps. C&R Provisions also picked up several other farm labor camps in San Diego county. The business relationship led to C&R becoming a successful operation, supplying Mexican food and related supplies (e.g corn husks for tamales, spices, tortilla presses) in the region. I can relate more since I started working with my father in C&R from the time I was 10 years old. I was born in May 1941. When I was 16 - 1957 - I had my own delivery route and went to camps in Fallbrook, Vista, San Marcos and Escondido. I also delivered to my father's close friend - actor Leo Carrillo. He purchased my fathers' specially aged prime rib and Mexican food for his parties and friends - some I met were old time movie stars, Conrad Hilton, and corporate executives. At the time, Leo was always in the Rose Parade and rode his beautiful gold stallions, all dressed with silver saddle, etc. For verification, contact: Gerry Streff. Visit: www.carrillo-ranch.org Leo Carrillo was referred to as Mr Republican. My father was a Republican and my mother a Democrat - mostly because of social ties, not because of political agendas. The Julian Samora Research Institute at Michigan State University published booklet that my mother wrote, covering aspects of the Rochin business and bracero program. It lends credence to my account above. It also shows the affect of my father's work and friends in her life. She provides another perspective of the Mexican business community, beginning with her birth in 1913 in Colton California. http://jsri.msu.edu/RandS/books/juanita/index.shtml Let me know if you have questions or interest in other Bracero related work. I can relate, for example, how la migra (US border patrol) raided our restaurant and harassed our Mexican workers - legal or not. This story continues today. Refugio Refugio I. Rochin, PhD Professor & Research Director, Emeritus, UC Davis and UC Santa Cruz Founding Director, Smithsonian Center for Latino Initiatives rrochin at ucdavis.edu http://works.bepress.com/refugio_rochin/ Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hispanic Business and Bracero Workers Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Refugio Rochin Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Refugio Rochin Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes braceros in san diego county contract food provisions Hispanic business Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. My mother Ana Maria de la Rosa Codina helped process Braceros in McAllen, Texas. She would type the applications. She said that many braceros would reverse their last names (mother/father's names) because they knew that that was the custom in the US. Then these names would be reversed again by the processors! Edward Codina ecodina at earthlink.net Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource secretary Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Edward Codina Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Edward Codina Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) No Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes McAllen processor secretary texas https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/danielmartinezthesis_d24a05a438.pdf fadc4b642b5aec76a7ff3091936fab84 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Daniel Martinez Thesis, "The Impact of the Bracero Programs on a Southern California Mexican American Community: A Field Study of Cucamonga, California", pub. 1958 Description An account of the resource This pdf file is the thesis by Daniel Martinez published in 1958 at Claremont Graduate School. The author attended the September 30, 2009 program at the National Museum of American History, participated in the discussion, and was asked to submit this document to the online Bracero Archive. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Daniel Martinez Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Daniel Martinez Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes 1958 California community impact Cucamonga Daniel Martinez field study interviews Mexican-Americans Thesis Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. My grand father used to tell me that when he came to the United States as a bracero the Americans will fumigated him with a powder to disinfect him and to all the braceros. That powder which I don’t recall the name of it, can cause cancer and many other illness. My grandfather also used to tell me that because his blond hair and blue eyes he will be aloud to buy food or beer from Caucasian stores and he will play that he was deft and mute, he will get bear and goodies for his other bracero friends. This is sad and so discriminating. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mi Abuelo el Bracero, My bracero grandpa Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Claudia Brunet Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Claudia Brunet Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Testing Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. Mi nombre es Jose Guadalupe Hernandez. Yo vine de brasero en 1944 desde Degollado Jalisco en el mes de Mayo, pasamos por ciudad Juarez y venian entregando a la gente por todo el camino. Yo fui uno de los ultimos que dejaron en San Luis, Missouri. Nos dejaron para vivir en baules de tren. Se llamama campo Andolante. Hay veces que nos acostavamos a dormir y amaneciamos en otras partes donde necesitaman mas el trabajo, nosotros trabajamos en el traque de ferrocarril. Me di cuenta de que avia un seguro para nosotros los pobres que nadie queria agarrar porque nos quitavan los centavitos. Nos pagavan como a 60 centavos la hora o algo asi. Lo tubimos que agarrar afuersas pero de ese dinero no e visto nada no le teniamos mucho interes porque no eramos de aqui y queriamos regresar despues de un tiempito. Cambiavamos los rieles de chicos a grandes. Sabados y Domingos no los trabajamos y en esos dias platicavamos y nos poniamos a lavar la ropita. Lavamos en un carro de bano. Viviamos a soliados por lo de los Japoneses no avia radio ni television solo era lo que se platicava y corria la voz. Y teniamos miedo porque decian que como eran tan chiquitos que asta cabian en una olla. Pero buscavamos ayudar a esta gente y tener un futuro para mis chiquillos que viviamos en pura pobreza en Mexico y con tanto sacrificio y el dolor de mi corazon deje pa' venirme. En San Luis Mo. trabajando en la llarda vimos que llegaron los padres de un muchacho muy robusto que lla lo mandavan a la guerra y me hizo sentir tristesa por el muchacho y animo para seguir. Los padres de ese muchacho agarrados de la mano se suvieron a su carro y llorando por su hijo se fueron a su casa y con mucha tristeza. Mi mayordomo se llamaba Sam. Era muy buen mayordomo y muy trabajador siempre nos trato muy bien, bueno a mi criterio. El otro se llamava Mr. Ollen. La guerra trajo un fracaso feo para Mexico y los Estados Unidos, porque los maridos dejaron a las mujeres solas para la guerra y nosotros en Mexico nos vinimos para aca dejando nuestras mujeres y aqui muchas americanas se fueron con los braseros para Mexico. Todo el mundo llegamos llenos de piojos yo me acuerdo que en la casa siempre andavan hirviendo la ropa la dejavan limpiesita nosotros con la epidemia de piojos y con la pansa vasia muriendonos de hambre. Por eso cuando veniamos para aca nos asian tirar la ropa y quemarla y nos davan otra limpiezita. Como no savia leer ni escrivir me valia de otro muchacho que estudio en el seminario el me asia las cartas y me enseno a leer y escrivir lo poquito que se. Aqui se nos quito un poquito lo menso nos ensenaron el camino y ahora ya no nos quieren aqui. Con todo pude comprar la casita que ahora tengo en Mexico para mi familia. Gracias a la compania de Ferrocarril Santa Fe. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jose Guadalupe Hernandez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rosalva Casillas Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jose Guadalupe Hernandez Angel Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Testing Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. No Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. I was born on January 23rd 1947 in Pomona California. As far back as I can remember my father was a Farm Labor Foreman. He had a 1947 red ford truck with a cabin in the back to transport the workers. Most of the time he would pick them up in Irwindale, California, but sometimes at the camp in Pomona or Upland California. As time went on he bought a 1956 Chevrolet truck and later a 1965 Chevrolet truck. Each time the cabin in the back got larger. My father would leave our house in San Dimas, Califorina at about 4:30 a.m. each morning, usually 7 days a week. My mother would gut up earlier to make him breakfast, and lunch which consisted of burritosn and were packed in a Thermos lunchbox. As kids my older brother and I would go with him on Saturdays and pick Oranges, Lemons, Tomatoes, Cucumbert, Peas, Grapefruit, or whatever was in season. Each Noverber we would go to Porterville, California, for the Orange season. This lasted until about 1965 when the program ended. I still have many pictures of my father in groves with the Braceros, and of his trucks. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Albert Martinez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource albert martinez Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource albert martinez Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Testing Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. To whom it may concern, I am the daughter of a bracero, whose father volunteered part of his youth to defend the Americas from tyranny during WW II. My father was born in Arenal, Jalisco in 1922. When he was 21 years old, he volunteered from Mexico to aid America’s Homefront Activities. He decided to put his efforts in the better organized railroad industry (as opposed to the agricultural industry). Southern Pacific Railroad trained him, and his Mexican compatriots, as track maintenance workers. He was a member of a section gang that kept up to standard 10 to 25 miles of laid tracks. My father’s job as as a section gang member, was backbreaking and grueling. Under a blistering hot sun, he removed old crossties, replaced worn rails and surrounded the area with fresh gavel. Water breaks were called often to encourage them to drink and to take their water pills to help their bodies retain moisture. MY PAPA THE BRACERO, had aguante! He and his compatriots were paid $1 an hour for their efforts, with ten percent retained for their pensions. However, this pension money is now in litigation due to the fact that both the United States and Mexico point fingers at each other after its disappearance. My father is currently 87 years old, and not likely to ever see his pension. The reason I write to you has more to do to with recognition of my father’s American Homefront Activities. In a perfect world, I would like to have him interviewed on camera to give him a sense of our gratitude as a nation for his wartime efforts. All the t.v. documentaries I have seen over the years dealing with braceros, always describe them in their stereotypical roles—as field hands, or fruit/vegetable pickers. In my opinion, my father’s story deserves to be heard by mainstream America because he too indirectly aided a nation at war, but also helped (via the railroads) ferry its soldiers and their ammunition from Indio, California to the Pacific coast enroute to the European theater. My father tells a different story, one I have never heard said by a Latino WWII veteran or bracero on t.v. Within your website, I encountered Ms. Kristine Navarro’s name, as the collections director. How can I contact her about having my father interviewed to add to your collection of oral histories. Out of his seven children, I am the one who has attempted over the years to document his recollections by writing them down for posterity. His stories are positive, and told effortlessly, in Spanish, with a taste of dark Mexican humor. He is currently an American citizen with two eagles embedded in his heart, one Mexican, the other, American. In the event you may want to contact me, please do so at: silveria.ballaron@sbcglobal.net Sinceramente, Silveria Arizona-Ballaron Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource My Papa the Bracero Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Silveria Arizona Ballaron Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Silveria Arizona Ballaron Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Testing Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. In 1982 or 1983, my husband and then son-in-law tore down a small building that had housed Bracero workers for Stern Gin in Cotton Center, Texas. They saved the boards comprising one wall because someone had painted religious pictures on it. There was a Virgin Mary and several other symbolic icons that are definitly done in the style seen in churches in Mexico. They were done with paint normally used to paint houses, not from an artist's pallet. They are about 8'x6"x1" tongue and groove; there are 8 boards, which when put together, form the pictures. We still have those pieces of wood and would contrubute them to your program. If you are interested, please write me at this address: M.S.Phillips 498 County Road V Plainview, Texas 79072 806-293-4753 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bracero Art Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource M. S. Phillips Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource M. S. Phillips Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Testing Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) No Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/dionisio-hernandez-7_c9f815103e.jpg 0ce5fe1e583a0b1af64b5b479784b5ef Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2528 Height 1500 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bank Draft Check Subject The topic of the resource Payment Description An account of the resource Backside of a United States bank draft check purchased by Dionisio Hernandez Canchola. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dionisio Hernandez Canchola Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEb Language A language of the resource eng Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Dionisio Hernandez Canchola https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/dionisio-hernandez-5_4c0bba5716.jpg 098dd373dd2170645187962fe4af29d7 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2536 Height 1504 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dionisio Hernandez Canchola Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Bank check purchased by Dionisio Hernandez Canchola for $100. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Payment Title A name given to the resource Bank Draft Check Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Lodi, California; Rights Holder Dionisio Hernandez Canchola Temporal Coverage 1959-09-28 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/dionisio-hernandez-3_caaf06e8b9.jpg 39958adccba6550ef1efa90f615bcf86 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2496 Height 1004 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dionisio Hernandez Canchola Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Dionisio Hernandez Canchola's paycheck. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Paycheck Title A name given to the resource Bracero Paycheck Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Gonzales, California Rights Holder Dionisio Hernandez Canchola Temporal Coverage 1953-03-25 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/dionisio-hernandez-2_e50a911ba0.jpg e706fa4581dd7a7178f2bd733c8df1f4 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2388 Height 3148 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dionisio Hernandez Canchola Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Payment scale based on hours and crop for Yolo Growers Inc. typed in English and Spanish. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Payment Scale Title A name given to the resource Yolo Payment Scale Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Dionisio Hernandez Canchola https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/dionisio-hernandez1_236f7011e8.jpg a041bbdf6e1bb7bb2e0a7e642b940806 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2388 Height 3156 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dionisio Hernandez Canchola Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Dionisio's forms for an e xtension of a standard contract. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Work Contract Title A name given to the resource Bracero Work Contract Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage California: Yolo, Siskiyou, Colusa, Sacramento, Sutter, Yuba, Tehern, Siskiyou, El Dorado, Lake Rights Holder Dionisio Hernandez Canchola Temporal Coverage 1958-08-22 1958-10-15 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/plutarco-chavez-3cropped_c44b5fb8ca.jpg 4ee215f8c14590ff227cf5a181390356 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 977 Height 673 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Plutarco Chavez Ruiz Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Plutarco Chavez Ruiz's indentification card (backside). Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Identification Card Title A name given to the resource Bracero Identification Card Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Calexico, California Rights Holder Plutarco Chavez Ruiz Temporal Coverage 1957-03-26 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/plutarco-chavez2_69866c3133.jpg ef39de82afb99eb2395f8355cf772471 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 1000 Height 684 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Plutarco Chavez Ruiz Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Plutarco Chavez Ruiz's Bracero ID Card (front side). Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Identification Card Title A name given to the resource Bracero Identification Card Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Plutarco Chavez-Ruiz Temporal Coverage 1955-12-07 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/carmen-quezada-6-rotated_aef7a73d99.jpg 100722617860ab77fd92b170dd2eab29 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2180 Height 968 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource J. Carmen Quezada Morales Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource A confederate note from 1861 issued in the amount of $1000 confederate dollars. The top reads "Twelve months after date" at the top. it's number 297 and says that it is "One Thousand Dollars with interest at Ten cents pr. day". The date is listed as May 28, 1861 and the location is Montgomery. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Money Title A name given to the resource Confederate Money Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Montgomery Rights Holder J. Carmen Quezada Morales Temporal Coverage 1861-05-28 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/carmen-quezada-5-rotated_e7f4ecda41.jpg 720fe4901b61a65f9c47b9f772818f25 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 1104 Height 736 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource J. Carmen Quezada Morales Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Backside of a MICA card for J. Carmen Quezada Morales. Lists a birthdate, address, and birthplace. Also lists date and place of admission to the U.S.. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Identification Card Title A name given to the resource Identification Card Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Hidalgo, Texas Rights Holder J. Carmen Quezada Morales Temporal Coverage 1960-05-16 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/carmen-quezada-4-rotated_d6bb4ec39d.jpg 40dd9d098f7f6e699bc40dac5529ba89 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 1104 Height 732 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource J. Carmen Quezada Morales Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Front side of an identification (MICA) card. It reads 'ALIEN LABORER'S IDENTIFICATION CARD" on the top and has a picture of the individual below. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource Identification Card Title A name given to the resource Identification Card (front) Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder J. Carmen Quezada Morales https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/carmen-quezada-3-rotated_e6da58b646.jpg 8f607991eebb62c5aef07b895f09f407 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 1856 Height 1100 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource J. Carmen Quezada Morales Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Certificate of Merit issued by the Holly Sugar Corporation to J. Carmen Quezada Morales. It has a serial number of 1134. It lists his age, height, weight and the work that he performed. The certificate also lists the quality of work as "good". It is dated "1952" and has 'Worland, Wy." listed as the postal address. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEB Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Subject The topic of the resource certificate Title A name given to the resource Certificate of Merit Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Worland, Wyoming Rights Holder J. Carmen Quezada Morales Temporal Coverage 1952-00-00 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/carmen-quezada-2_f0665a5848.jpg bd4607a57707ab9762ca104a49e85096 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 928 Height 1416 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource J. Carmen Quezada Morales Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Outside cover of a Certificate of Recognition. In Spanish it says "Honorable Mention" and was issued by the U.S. department of Labor. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEB Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Title A name given to the resource Certificate of Recognition (Cover) Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder J. Carmen Quezada Morales https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/carmen-quezada-1_a5f502638f.jpg 44cb6882de261a368e1e6d8d51192750 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 928 Height 1412 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kristen Chasse Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource J. Carmen Quezada Morales Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-08-03 Description An account of the resource Work contract written in Spanish and issued by the Secretary of Labor for the United States. it was issued to J.C. Quezada Morales on November 28, 1952. It is signed by the Secretary of Labor and includes a fingerprint from J.C. Quezada Morales. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Manuel Doblado Title A name given to the resource Work Contract Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder J. Carmen Quezada Morales Temporal Coverage 1952-11-28 https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/sanchezperezbaltazar2_e28609afa3.jpg 6830c0ec63146939401490e40a64a1a8 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2088 Height 1400 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. This is Jose Baltazar Sanchez Perez's alien laborer' identification card (MICA). U.S. Department of Labor issued it to him on June 8, 1960. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Monica Pelayo Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jose Baltazar Sanchez Perez U.S. Department of Labor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-05-22 Description An account of the resource This is Jose Baltazar Sanchez Perez's alien laborer' identification card (MICA). U.S. Department of Labor issued it to him on June 8, 1960. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Blythe/Ripley, California Subject The topic of the resource Alien Laborer's Identification Card Title A name given to the resource Alien laborer's identification card Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Calexico, California Rights Holder Jose Baltazar Sanchez Perez Temporal Coverage 1960-06-08 1960 alien card laborer ID MICA Perez Sanchez https://braceroarchive.org/files/original/sanchezperezbaltazar1_1ff3c9131e.jpg ea17fbf112437099feea1ae27e0f695c Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2088 Height 1404 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. This is Jose Baltazar Sanchez Perez's alien laborer' identification card (MICA). U.S. Department of Labor issued it to him on June 8, 1960. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Monica Pelayo Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jose Baltazar Sanchez Perez U.S. Department of Justice Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-05-22 Description An account of the resource This is Jose Baltazar Sanchez Perez's alien laborer' identification card (MICA). U.S. Department of Labor issued it to him on June 8, 1960. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Blythe/Ripley, California Subject The topic of the resource Alien laborer's identification card Title A name given to the resource Alien laborer's identification card (back) Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Calexico, California Rights Holder Jose Baltazar Sanchez Perez Temporal Coverage 1960-06-08 1960 alien card laborer ID MICA Perez Sanchez